Chris

Tupmonia Wiki
 
The Tupan War: 327 BF- 303 BF
 
Tupans: 28,000 men 
Golban Clans: 48,000 men 
The Tupan War is what turned the Tupan settlers into a full fledged kingdom. With the Tupan population rapidly increasing, the Tupans looked to further expand their territory into Golban lands for a second time. The Golbans refused negotiations, which led to the Tupans declaring war on the clans, despite their inferior numbers. The Tupan War is the second longest war in Tupmonian history, lasting 24 years. It is also known as the second bloodiest war in Tupmonian history. Ronor Lonebar led the smaller Tupmonian army to victory which won him his crown after the war.
327 BF- The Tupans began the war by spreading raiders out to the weaker military clans to spread out the Golban army. 
Battle of Strish- 326 BF
Tupans (Battle Commander - Berengar Otto): 400 
Zivoti and Stroyel clans (Battle Commanders - Anze and Tijmen): 300 
Local Zivoti and Stroyel clansmen send 300 men to retaliate against Tupan raiders in the west. The Tupan raiders were caught by surprise, but were able to hold their ground against the two clans. The small Zivoti army was obliterated. On the other hand, many of the Stroyel clansmen were able to escape back into their territory. Even though this battle doesn't seem so significant, it ultimately allowed the Tupans to easily take Zivoti lands. 
Tupan Casualties: 115
Zivoti and Stroyel Casualties: 150 (Anze was killed in battle)
 
Red River Battles- 321 BF- 305 BF
The Red River Battles were a series of battles over the span of 16 years. The Golbans looked to cross the river that separated Golbania from Tupan territories. Their plan was to conquer Tupan lands and crush their inferior army by taking them head on. The Golbans sent several groups of men (spanning from a few hundred to as much as 16,000) to cross the river at different points and to meet at a certain point at the other side of the river. Ronor Lonebar led the main force against the Golban crossers. He and his 8,000 men encamped along the river and held off thousands of Golbans for years. He unleashed arrows on the incoming Goban ships, and when they would reach land he would push them back. Over the years his numbers slowly dwindled and he couldn't hold the river at every point, this led to more and more Golbans being able to cross easily. These battles are where Ronor gained his fame, and where the river got the name “The Red River.”  
Tupan Casualties: ~6,000
Golban Casualties: ~11,000
 
Zivoti Massacres: 325 BF- 323 BF
Tupans (Battle Commander - Berengar Otto): 800
Zivoti Warriors: 30
After the Battle of Strish, Berengar Otto received reinforcements and advanced into Zivoti territory. With the Zivoti army destroyed, Bernegar quickly advanced into Zivoti lands, burning, killing, and looting as he went. He destroyed the little opposition that he received, and according to accounts he murdered hundreds to thousands of Zivoti civilians. This led to the end of the Zivoti Clan and the Tupan occupation of Zivoti territory.
Tupan Casualties: ~20
Zivoti Casualties: 500- 2,000 civilians 
 
Battle of Sandfront: 315 BF
Tupans: 10,000 (led by Henry Osbert) + 2,000 reinforcements (led by Ronor Lonebar)
Golban Clans: 15,000 (led by Ennio Chidek)
By 315 BF about 15,000 Golbans successfully crossed the river (Mostly Yika and Mech clansmen). Their goal was to capture a Tupan stronghold far south, but they were met by 10,000 Tupans who were sent to halt their advance. The two sides battled, but after some time it was clear that the Golbans held the upper hand. When the battle seemed lost Ronor and 2,000 of his river defenders took the Golban army in the rear and gave the Tupans a chance at victory. Days prior to the battle, Ronor got word that 15,000 Golbans were advancing on the southern stronghold, and that Henry Osbert and 10,000 men were going to cease their advance. Ronors orders were to remain at the river. However, Ronor gathered 2,000 men and advanced south, while he left another 2,500 men to hold the river. Even though the Tupans ended up losing the battle the Golbans lost more men than the Tupans did. The Golbans continued south to take the stronghold. 
Tupan Casualties: 8,000
Golban Casualties: 9,000

 
Battle of Green Valley: 310 BF
Tupans (Battle Commander - Berengar Otto): 1,200
Stroyel and Kapio Clansmen: 1,000
After securing Zevoti territory, Berengar Otto and his party were ordered to take Stroyel land next. The Stroyel army was weak with only around 100-200 men. Berengar started raiding lands to draw out the remaining clansmen, but instead of being met by 200 men, Berengar was met by 1,000 men. 800 Kapio men were sent to help the Stroyel clan in case Berengar came to take it, and he did. The two armies fought in a valley near a village. Bernagar almost lost the battle due to him underestimating the enemy, but his men were able to pull through victorious. Many say if Berengar lost this battle, it would’ve led to the Golbans retaking their lands and the Tupans losing the war, with Berengar holding the Stroyel and Zevoti lands it made movement of the Golban armies much harder. This victory nearly destroyed Berengar's army, but his remaining men were able to take the rest of Stroyel territory. 
Tupan Casualties: 900
Stroyel and Kapio Casualties: 980
 
Battle of Hindston: 307 BF
Tupans (Battle Commander - Joseth Arozen): 7,000
Golban Clansmen (Battle Commander - Ennio Chidek): 10,000
The Golbans were still crossing the Red River and joining the Golban host that was advancing through Tupan territory. Ennio’s force from the Battle of Sandfront was reinforcing as they went and pursued Tupan scouts. Joseth Arozen received reports that the Golban army only consisted of 5,000 men. When Joseth heard the reports he gathered 7,000 men and fell upon the Golban army. It turns out the Golban army consisted of double the men than they thought. The Tupan army was crushed and Arozen and his remaining men retreated. The Golbans took minimal damage and continued their advance. 
Tupan Casualties: 5,500
Golban Casualties: 1,700 
 
Battle of Rivercross: 305 BF 
Tupans (Battle Commander - Sava Vayne): 1,400
Golban Clansmen (Battle Commander - Yamuna Reba): 16,000
This battle is known to be the last of the Red River Battles. The Tupan river defenders were weakening quickly and were now led by Sava Vayne because Ronor Lonebar and his men remained in the south. The Golbans sent 16,000 men to cross the river to join Ennios' army in Tupan lands. Sava and his 1,400 men knew they would lose, but before they did they attempted to inflict as much damage as possible. The Tupan river defenders unleashed thousands of arrows on the incoming ships. Tupan defenses like spikes and deep mud holes slowed down the Golbans when they eventually reached land. Savas' army was eventually overrun and his men were slaughtered. Sava was killed in battle. Savas son, David Vayne took control of the retreat and headed south to join the rest of the Tupan army. The Golban army successfully crossed the river… but not so easily. 
Tupan Casualties: 900 (Sava Vayne was killed in battle)
Golban Casualties: 3,000
 
Battle of Progh: 304 BF
Tupans (Battle Commander - Ronor Lonebar): 5,800
Golban Clans (Battle Commander - Ennio Chidek): 22,000
At this point in the war the Golbans seemed to have already won. Ennios' army took most of Tupan lands and won two major battles against the Tupans. The Golban army was also reinforced with another 13,000 men from the Battle of Riverfront. The Tupan army remained in their southwest stronghold with around 5,800 men, all from different armies: Henry Osbert had 3,000 men after his loss at the Battle of Sandfront, while Ronor Lonebar had 1,000 men remaining after that battle. Joseth Arozens army of 7,000 men was now an army of 1,300, and David Vayne had 500 survivors with him from the Battle of Riverfront. Berengar Otto remained in the lands that he took from the Golbans with his 200 men, fighting off small bands of Golban raiders, it was clear that he didn't have the strength to hold the land much longer. 
The war seemed lost and all the Golban host had to do was take the last Tupan stronghold and then advance north to retake the lands from Berengar. 
Ronor led the final defense against the Golban army. His plan was to split up the 500 men under David Vayne into small bands of men. They were ordered to hit weak points of the incoming army and to weaken it as much as possible with small and quick raids. Ronor ordered Joseth Arozen to remain in the high walled stronghold with 300 men and to abandon the army camps outside of the walls to make it look like the main Tupan force moved when they saw the incoming army. After the Golbans would lay siege, Ronor and his 5,000 men would take the Golban army unaware. When the battle would commence David Vayne and his men were ordered to cut down anyone who tried to flee. Just in case the battle didn’t go their way, Joseth Arozen was ordered to stay in the stronghold and hold it if Ronors army was unsuccessful. 
David Vayne and his men killed or scattered nearly 2,000 Golbans through dozens of small attacks to the Golban army's rear, while only losing about 80 men of his own. When the Golbans finally reached the gates with 20,000 men they found the walls poorly manned and the camps abandoned. Ennio assumed the Tupan host retreated and laid siege to the stronghold. Joseth Arozen and his men put down heavy arrow fire, while Ronor and his army remained hidden not too far away. After about a few hours of siege Ronor Lonebar led his men to take on the Golban army. Even though the Tupans were outnumbered 4 to 1 the element of surprise gave them a winning chance. Many of the Golbans scattered in confusion and before Ennio could gather his men in formation it was too late. The Golban army retreated back west, but they were pursued by David Vaynes' men and many more Golbans were cut down. Ennio died of arrow wounds during the retreat. The battle forced the Golbans back into their lands and ultimately won the war for the Tupans. 
Tupan Casualties: 3,800
Golban Casualties: 17,000 (Ennio and Yamuna were killed in battle)
 
War Turnout: 
After the Battle of Progh, Ronor Lonebar pushed the Golbans back north. Even though the Golbans still outnumbered the Tupans 2 to 1, their losses were far more significant than the Tupans. The High King of the Golbans, and Ronor of the Tupans declared for peace in late 304 BF with the Second Border Treaty. The Tupans now had full control over Zivoti and Stroyel territory, with those two clans being destroyed in the war. This war led to the full establishment of Tupmonia and Ronor Lonebar was crowned king. 
Total Tupan Casualties: ~25,300 soldiers + ~1,000-7,000 civilians
Notable Deaths- Sava Vayne, Bobby Ashwin, Cleos Osbert, Edward Niyazov
 
Total Golban Casualties: ~43,000 soldiers + ~3,000-10,000 civilians 
Notable Deaths- Anze of Zivoti, Tijmen of Stroyel, Yamuna Reba, Ennio Chidek
 
Total Casualties: 72,000- 85,000

After months, The Theeserrasland Sentinel is back!
Since the last paper was written for the reliable source that is The Theeserrasland Sentinel has been held back by the government for over half a month. As of from now on, the news media shall hence forth be under the guidance and the caring eye of our dear leader. But for now, The Theeserrasland sentinel shall keep you updated on the latest of which is happening in the country!
 
Economy is growing, experts say
After much restructuring of the government and government positions, The Theeserrasland economy has been slowly, but steadily on the rise. With a mix of both Trout Farming exports and Technology. It is expected that from now on, the average income will rise by 5% increase.
Other than that, the ageing population might be a concern in the future.
 
The Red Tiger has become the newest national pet
The Red Tiger, formerly known as the Theeserraslandian Tiger as of now has been booming when it comes to the pet industry as people are now owning Red Tigers as pets. As of now, the government hasn't shown any interference on the subject as of yet as the leader doesn't want to go against his ideals.
However, many people from rich business owners //Who have a 70% tax rate// and environmentalist have been clashing between each other on the internet, with one side saying that having Red Tigers as pets can serve as a luxury for the citizens of the Theeserrasland, whilst also showing the might of our people for owning such a dangerous animal. Whilst on the other side, environmentalist have said that this won't solve anything and can also lead to animal cruelty.
Local Trout Farmer finds a large pickel
"It was the funniest shit I've ever seen."
-Local Trout Farmer

Tupmonia Wiki
 
Chapter 1: Wars and Major Battles Throughout Tupmonian History
 
The Hill Wars - 510 BF: 
                                               Tupans: 15,000- 20,000 men                                               
 Golban Clans: 55,000 men 
The Hill Wars were a series of battles between the newly settled Tupans and the already established Golban Clans. The war was started because of an attempted expansion of Tupan lands into Golban territory. After failed negotiations between the clans and the Tupans, both parties declared war on each other. It’s not completely clear how long the war lasted, but most sources agree that it lasted around eight months. 
 
The Ferme Raids:
The Tupans began to raid the Ferme Clans’ territory, killing and burning as they went. Dozens of Ferme civilians were killed savagely in the raiding. 
 
Battle of Retreat: 
Tupans (Battle Commander - Lytos): 2,000 
Ferme Clan (Battle Commander - Fendo): 200
Tupan general, Lytos, sends a small group of around 100 men to attack a Ferme Clansmen camp of around 200 fighters, and to make it seem like they’re retreating. When the group of 100 Tupans reached the camp they fought and when they retreated the Ferme Clansmen were in hot pursuit. The Tupans led the pursuing clansmen into a trap where Lytos and 1,900 of his men demolished the Ferme force. This battle allowed the Tupans to take Ferme territory with little military opposition.
Tupan Casualties: 80
Ferme Casualties: 190 (Fendo was killed in battle)
 
Kimol’s Stand:
Tupans (Battle Commander - Lytos): 3,000
Loshad Clan (Battle Commander - Kimol): 2,000
With raiding in eastern Golbania and battling all over the central hills, High King Svilano of the Golban Clans sent Kimol and 2,000 of his Loshad Clansmen to halt the raiding and to take back Ferme lands from Lytos and his men. When Kimol arrived in Ferme land they were ambushed by Lytos, who saw them coming. Kimol suffered major losses and was sent running. Lytos was on his tail and Kimol and his remaining 500 men were forced to stand and fight against the 2,800 incoming Tupans (Many believe Kimol had far more men to withstand the Tupans, and that the records were exaggerated to make Kimols victory look greater than it was). The Loshad clansmen held their ground for hours and pushed back Lytos and his army. Despite winning the battle the Golbans took similar losses to the Tupans. 
Tupan Casualties: 2,100
Loshad Casualties: 1,800
 
Battle of Yika Valley: 
Tupans (Battle Commander - Rymar): ~11,000 
Golban Clans (Battle Commander - High King Svilano): 35,000
After about six months of fighting along the central hills, the Tupans finally split the Golban force and advanced into the heart of Golbania with around 11,000 men. Their advancement was halted by a major Golban army of 35,000 men, led by the Golban king himself. The two forces battled for nearly a whole day, but the Tupans simply didn’t have the numbers to combat the Golban force. The Tupans were pushed back south, Rymar was slain in battle, and the Tupans lost most of their men. This battle devastated the Tupan army and it was what ended the Hill Wars. It is known as one of the bloodiest battles in Tupmonias history. 
Tupan Casualties: ~9,000 (General Rymar was killed in battle)
Golban Casualties: ~4,000
 
War Turnout: 
Fighting continued to rage on in Ferme lands for a couple more months, but Lytos held the territory well. Both parties agreed to peace in late November of 510 BF with the First Border Treaty. The Tupans now held Ferme territory, and gave up the rest of what they took. On the other hand, the Ferme Clan was completely destroyed. 
Tupan Total Casualties: ~13,500 soldiers + 50-100 civilians 
Golban Clans Total Casualties: ~8,000 soldiers + ~500 civilians
Total Casualties: ~22,000

First Four Days of the Lavender Festival! 
On the 25th of December, the nation of Giovanniland started its celebration of the Lavender Festival. Throughout the country, one can spot many gardens and fields made purple by the color of the lavender plant, as well as wonderful decorations and perfumes inside houses. People prepare their bunches of lavender to leave at the doorstep, waiting for good fortunes in 1422, which will also start with beautiful purple fireworks.
On the first day of the celebration, an opening speech was given by the Mayor of Uryde, Gyalseno Velanio-Lodeno, mentioning the longevity of the Lavender Festival and officially declaring the Lavender Fair open. The first two days were interesting for culinary connoisseurs, as lavender cupcakes were highlighted for the first day, and lavender tea for the second. The Prime Minister of the nation, Amore Gile Abrente, notably visited the second day of the fair, and told reporters that she was pleased with Velanio-Lodeno's innovative idea, and hoped for further cultural collaboration between national, regional, and municipal governments.

The lavender cupcakes and tea for the 1st and 2nd days respectively.
Later, the 3rd and 4th days had lavender healthcare products featured, such as lotion bars and face cream. Furthermore, on the 28th of December, many people went into the Lavandulan Mausoleum of Uryde to mourn the death of Emperor Tsering I (reigned 1132-1111 BF), with lavenders placed near his tomb. Besides being the father of the emperor Tsering II that created this very celebration, he also founded a dynasty that contributed a lot to the Lavandulan Empire internally, and prepared it for further expansions during the peak of the empire in the following next centuries. 
Anyways, that is all that has happened during the first four days of the Lavender Festival! Tune in again later for a retrospective of the next three days and the New Year, in a festival full of culture and history that is worth celebrating. This is correspondent Amalia Elisa-Montana of the Nuntikarta Giovanniterrana's northern branch, signing off.

OVERVIEW
 
ARIFIYYAH DARUL FIKR


Flag
 

Coat of Arms
Motto: God is Great
 

Location
Arifiyyah is located on the continent of Aura in the TWP World
-Population:12,759,036
-Density:1042.3045769254336
Main Name:Arifiyyah Darul Fikr
Capital:Medina Arif
Largest City:Banda Besar
Official Language: Arifianic 
National Language:Arifianic
Demonym:Arifian
Government:
- King:Sultan Arif Nazhim Shah(Sultan Arifiyyah IV)
- Tun Bendahara:Tan Sri Rais Zuhdi 
-Chairman of Defence: Dato' Ilham Mustaqim
-Chairman of Finance, International Trade and Economy:Danial Mukhriz -
-Chairman of Foreign Affairs:Lee Jian Ying
-Chairman of Home Affairs:Albert Johnston 
Legislature:
- Upper House: Majlis Pentadbiran Negara 
- Lower House: Dewan Rakyat 
Land Area:823,860 km²
                                
Water Area:348,847 km²
Water %: 0.42%
GDP (nominal):AFR61.5 Trillion
GDP (nominal) per capita:AFR 10,117
Human Development Index (NS Version):67.75
Currency:Arifiyyah Ringgit(AFR)
Time Zone:UTC+8
Drives on the:Right Side
Calling code:+60
Internet TLD:AF
 
RUKUN NEGARA BANGSA(PILLARS OF NATIONSTATES)
Rukun Negara Bangsa became the ideology and the core of the lives of Arifiyyah leaders and communities which was inaugurated by Sultan Nazim Shah, Sultan Arifiyyah II to foster togetherness among the people regardless of appearance, age, way of life and religion. Consist of eight pillars.
 
Arifianic Language
Bahawasanya kami,rakyat ARIFIYYAH berikrar dan berjanji akan menumpukan taat setia kepada negara dan mengamalkan kehidupan masyarakat bertamadun berteraskan prinsip-prinsip berikut:
1. Kepercayaan kepada Tuhan
2. Kesetiaan kepada Pemimpin dan Negara
3. Keluhuran Perlembagaan
4. Berilmu dan Berakhlak Mulia 
5. Berintegriti dan Bermaruah
6. Kedaulatan Undang-undang
7. Bersatupadu dan Kebersamaan
8. Memelihara Negara,Agama dan Bangsa
 
English/Common Language
That we, the people of ARIFIYYAH pledge and promise to devote loyalty to the country and practice the life of a civilized society based on the following principles: 
1. Faith in God 
2. Loyalty to Leader and Country 
3. Supremacy of the Constitution 
4. Knowledgeable and Noble 
5. Integrity and Dignity 
6. Rule of Law 
7. Unity and Togetherness
8. Preserving the Country,Religion and Nation
 
MAP OF ARIFIYYAH 

CULTURE
Clothes
Batik is a patterned fabric woven with silk thread. Usually batik is decorated with patterns of flora or fauna, through the method of stamping or drawing. Batik originates from Kampong Besar, believed to have existed 1000 years ago. People usually make long dress and thobe for women and shirts for men. Nowadays,Batik clothes are still worn by Arifian as a daily garment, especially during religious festivals and cultural celebrations.Every Thursday, all members of parliament,civil workers and students are required to wear batik shirts to go to workplace and school.

Batik shirt
 
Food
The famous Kerabu rice is an Arifiyyah cuisine rice dish, a type of nasi ulam, in which blue-coloured rice is eaten with dried fish or fried chicken, crackers, pickles and other salads. The blue colour of the rice comes from the petals of Clitoria ternatea flowers, which are used as a natural food coloring in cooking it.
Kerabu rice is usually eaten as breakfast, as well as lunch. You can find delicious kerabu rice in Permata Pantai, because Permata Pantai is the place of origin of the dish.

Kerabu rice

The Lavender Festival of Giovanniland
The Lavender Festival is one of the most prominent Giovannilandian holidays, along with New Year (January 1st), Empire Day (January 16th), Kingdom Revolution Day (June 15th), Harvonian Day (August 29th), and Constitution Day (October 30th). It happens during the week before New Year, starting from December 25th, meaning it's also often considered together with New Year composing its final day. 
The festival dates back to the age of the Lavandulan Empire, with archaeological records pointing to the first edition being held around 1100 BF during the reign of Emperor Tsering II. The capital Uryde, at the time known as Lavandula, had prominent lavender fields around it and was thus chosen as the main location for the event. The tradition has passed down generation to generation ever since, from the days of the Lavandulan Empire, then the post-imperial Duchy of Quorivo, and continues to the present day.

The flag of the Lavanda Prima region.
The green represents the soil, the lavender represents the plant's fields, and the blue represents the sky.
The lavender is commonly seen in Giovanniland as a symbol as prosperity and renewal, hence the festival's date just before the New Year. However, since the modern calendar was only introduced in Giovanniland through the Abrentans, the celebration has not always happened during the same time of the year. Only after Emperor Giovanni II the Great unified the entire island under the Giovannilandian Empire did the celebration expand beyond the Lavandulan region and start to happen all across the nation. The festival passed on to the modern Kingdom of Giovanniland, and its holiday status was enshrined into law after the passage of the Holidays Act of 1253. 
Giovanniland celebrates the holiday with various activities. Lavender is planted into home gardens some months in advance of the event in order to have them fully grown, and lavender bunches are used to decorate the insides of houses. Lavender aroma compounds and perfumes from lavender oil are also used to give a pleasant odor, and various food recipes also use parts of the lavender and are commonly baked during the festival. Last but not least, it is a common tradition to leave some lavender bunches at the doorstep, so that good fortunes can ensue for the following year.
Therefore, one can see how important this festival is for Giovannilandians from all the nation, and especially the northern part where it originated from. The current mayor of Uryde, Gyalseno Velanio-Lodeno from the Partito Librale-Demokrata, has capitalized on this opportunity to improve the city and the nation's economy through the creation of the upcoming Lavender Fair, with several markets across the city taking part. Each day, a different lavender product will be featured in those markets and have a discount on its price, while other lavender products will be sold normally, although the specific items won't be revealed until their own day. Furthermore, Prime Minister Amore Gile Abrente is expected to visit the fair and deliver a speech about this important celebration, helping on visibility. 

Lavender products on sale at a market in Uryde.

Culture
Ryxtylopian Culture was shaped by the cultures that came before mainly the: Tslaaní, Yilanian and Pestalpan cultures, since they were the primary cultures in the populated regions of Ryxtylopia, a lot of cultural development happened after the fall of the Guiltavacha dictatorship in Ryxtylopia in 1389, during the dictatorship period, cultural displays were supressed by the goverment as they were seen as "uncivilized" and the goverment tried to make a new image of Ryxtylopian culture.
 
With the end of the Guiltavacha dictatorship in 1389, Ryxtylopian culture continued its evolution to adapt to the modern world, and this evolution continues to this day, with the younger people transforming the traditions and the Ryxtylopian identity as a whole.

 
Clothing
Traditional Ryxtylopian clothing is varied, and can ddepend on the region, with a divide between east and west, and the north islands of Tirilpa and Pinichaca also having their own traditional clothing being separated from the mainland.
But men mostly wear a light short-sleeved shirt called a Hipilca, they can be different colors but most are white or khaki, some Hipilcas can have stripes with different patterns ranging from flowers to complex drawings, and recently long-sleeves version of this shirt have become popular, despite this basically all Hipilcas are made by hand, and the goverment has protected theese small producers despite several scandals with large scale manufacturers.
For pants again the clothing is mostly light, ocasionally shorts are used, and there theese pants can continue the lines with patterns on them, they're mainly khaki, if not black, unlike the shirts theese can be just normal pants you get from the store but the ones that continue the patterns seen in the shirts are locally made.
And finally hats, men wear medium to long brim hats called Sonquibas, theese can vary in size and are usually made of straw, but more expensive ones are made from different materials, common colors are once again khaki, white and black and hats usually don't have patterns on them, if they do they're usually pretty small and not very noticable.
 
                                                   
Seen above, examples of Hipilcas, with different patterns, theese patterns vary depending on the region.
Seen below, an example of a Sonquiba, they can be quite varied in terms of material used to make them.

 
Traditional clothing for women usually consists of similarly to men a short sleeved shirt called a Guitivyá (or it can be without sleeves entireley) with patterns depicting nature, culture, and other stuff also present, theese usually being all over the shirt, the background of theese shirts can be different colors, mainly white, khaki and black, but the patterns can go wild with the colors since they're meant to stand out.
Then you have long skirts called Guitavayás, again continuing the patterns seen in the shirts, theese do weigh a bit, and they are held to the shirts by leather belts, but poorer people can use strings or ropes to hold it toogheter, the skirts are produced locally, since mass producers have a hard time adapting to the local market and copying patterns.
Women also have the option of wearing a dress theese dresses are called Giutachá'atas, that basically is a combination of the shirt and the skirt, but with more complex patterns, cheaper dresses can take weeks to make and more expensive ones months, so dresses are usually more expensive than the Guitivyás and Guitivayás combined, so they're mostly used in special ocasions (parties and festivals).
 
                                                    
Seen above, examples of Guitivyás, the patterns can be in different spots or all over the shirts.
Seen below, Guitavayás, they can have or not have patterns, those that don't usually have more vibrant colors to make them stand out.
                                                   
 

 
Food
There's a lot of variety in food, different regions having different sorts of food. But a staple throught most of Ryxtylopia is basically any type of seafood, being basically a peninsula in the northernmost point of mainland Aura, the people in Ryxtylopia have always relied a lot on fishing and this can be seen in the variety of dishes that have some sort of fish-meat in them usually fried or boiled, they're also usually accompanied by grains like rice, corn and other grains and many types of sauces.
 
                                                   
Some examples of Ryxtylopian food in the coast, on both you can see its accompanied by some sort of grain.
 
Toscadas are also quite popular (basically hardened tortillas) they're easy to make, and they taste good with any sauce or food, in Ryxtylopia a popular sauce is Hibachaca Sauce, its a sauce made from tomatoes, peppers, onions and other ingredients for seasoning, its spicy but not too spicy and many people like it that way.
 
                                                   
On the left, Hibachaca Sauce, and on the right a plate with Toscadas, theese can be accompanied by almost any flavor imaginable.
 
In the center of the country the food changes, as its more mountainous and further away from the coast the people there rely more on animals, goat meat is very popular, and its cooked in many varieties, fried, deep fried, or "smoked" (basically instead of having it a flame or hot surface cook it, its cooked with smoke from coal or wood).
In the drinks department, drinks called "Aqui'xel(s)" are widley consumed, basically mixes of water, sometimes milk, and different mixes of grains, theese drinks have been consumed for centuries in this region, despite this Ryxtylopians love soda, with local soda brands "Rifrescantí" and "Chapas" being very popular, while foreign brands still hold a considerable ammount of the soda market.
In Pinichaca coffee is produced and "Pinichacan coffee" is very popular there, and still consumed throught a lot of the country, Pinichacan coffee is charactarized by being very sweet, but it losses its distinct taste when cold so its better to drink it while its hot, and therefore its consumed in small ammounts at a time, with Ryxtylopian coffee mugs being smaller than the avarge just for this reason.
 
                                                   
On the left, an example of Aqui'xel drinks, as said before they are mixes of different grains along with water or milk, on the right Pinichacan Coffee.
 
To finalize, the national dish of Ryxtylopia is a relativley spicey shrimp soup called "Cameron al Caxijarro" its most consumed in costal areas, and its kinda popular with tourists, its usually accompanied with grains (most of the time rice) or potatoes and other vegetables.
 

"Cameron al Caxijarro" Ryxtylopia's National Dish
 
Bean
Probably the most important aspect in Ryxtylopian cuisine is the bean, beans have always been a good dish in Ryxtylopia, and consumed widley in many different forms since the earlist periods of Ryxtylopian history, they've been eaten in several ways, beans are a good dish to accompany other foods, they can be made into soup, they are easily transportable and stored, and they've throught the years been combined into other foods and dishes, meaning that Ryxtylopian chefs throught the centuries have learned to master the art of the bean.

 
Music
Music in Ryxtylopia varies depending on the region, but something that most regions have in common when it comes to making music is one instrument: the guitar. For centuries ever since the guitar was introduced to Ryxtylopia it became a really popular instrument, and many musical genres revolved around it.
You can go anywhere in Ryxtylopia and doesn't matter the climate, mood or whatever it is you can probably find someone playing the guitar, but of course what also sets the regions apart is the pace, tone and instruments played alongside the guitar.
For example in the west, states of Saxa'atí, Yilanit, Elaaní and Carraizal the guitar is played mostly alone, despite this a popular instrument to complement it is the acordeon, its also played with a faster pace. In the center and east the guitar usually finds itself complemented either by wind instruments (mostly the trumpet, trombone, the tuba and the clarinet) or percussion instruments (mainly drums and the marimba)
In Pinichaca and Tirilpa, percussion instruments are also quite popular, but compared to the center of the country the pace of music is faster and on ocassions the guitar is complemented by a harp or sometimes just replaced by it.
 

Example of Pinichacan/Tirilpan Music (note the use of the harp alongside the guitar)
Displays of music in Ryxtylopia vary, most take place at parties and special ocations and they aren't usually over the top concerts, while another many take place in the streets, parks or public areas either as entretainment or to ask for money theese happen since traditional music has remained popular in Ryxtylopia, although other genres have been growing in popularity.

 
Festivities
Ryxtylopia has many holidays, and festivities. Each Region having their own festivities, ill focus on the more popular ones, the ones but even more on what they consist of and what they are celebrating. It will be a list in order from January to December (i do plan to add more)
[WIP]

 
Sports
In Ryxtylopia, the most popular sport is football or soccer (or Fiutbol) whatever you wanna call it, Ryxtylopia has 3 professional leagues ("Liga A - Natxianal", "Liga B - Natxianal" and "Liga C - Natxianal" ) with several football teams to choose from, but even at a non-professional level football is by far the most popular sport in Ryxtylopia, its not uncommon to see empty plots or fields used for football, stadiums ranging in size and age, the first division (LigaA - N.) lasts from January 8th to April 16th, it has 22 teams with the two bottom-finishing teams being relegated, the second division (Liga B - N.) goes from August to November, it has 20 teams , with the 2 top finishing teams ascending to the first division, whilst the bottom 4 finishing teams descend to the "C".
On the other hand there are two other main sports that are popular in Ryxtylopia, Rugby and Baseball (or Basibol), starting with Baseball currently second in terms of popularity but not by much, it became popular in Ryxtylopia during the 1330's, and Ryxtylopia currently has a professional baseball league (Basi-A) with several teams mostly from the west and Tirilpa participating, as well as a 2nd smaller league (Basi-B) for smaller clubs or clubs that fail to live up to the standards of the main league, the first division of ryxtylopian baseball takes place from May to August with 18 teams, the 3 worst getting relegated, the second division takes place from August to November, with the 3 best teams ascending to the first division and the bottom 5 descending to the "C".
And finally a sport that in Ryxtylopia recently exploded in popularity: Rugby, in this part of Aura definitley the newest out of the 3 main sports being introduced to Ryxtylopia during the Giltavas dictatorship around the mid 80's, it was introduced by foreigners but the sports started gaining attention around the 1400's and the first (and so far only) Rugby league formed oficially in 1401, RYXRugby has since its formation suffered from being not very cometitive, with Chacas and Trinchanancó RC dominating the league, but the league has a lot of potential in their players, and Rugby in Ryxtylopia is on the rise after the succesful debut in RWC4, the Ryxtylopian rugby league only has 10 teams so far, with plans to expand proposed but not agreed on, the second division of ryxtylopian rugby isn't considered a "Professional" league, thus receiving less funding than the other "B" leagues, only 1 team gets relegated from the first division and only 1 team gets promoted from the second division.

 
Religion
[WIP]

The "Legal Resources" are short, easy-to-understand explanations of the main legal acts passed by the three branches of Min-Su – intended for a general, non-specialist audience.
Most cover the main types of legislation passed by the Minsunese government: constitution, electoral laws, statutes, executive orders and decrees, jurisprudence, and bureaucratic statutes. But some cover other documents, such as international agreements.
The summaries are grouped into different sources of Minsunese laws.
The Legal Sources is a record from the State Archives, an attached agency of the Office of the Prime Minister.
      
 
CONTENTS
Sources of Minsunese Laws
1330 Imperial State Constitution
 

POLITICS
The politics of Min-Su are conducted in a framework of a multi-party bicameral parliamentary representative democratic semi-constitutional monarchy in which the Sacred Emperor is the Head of State, with reserved political and administrative powers, and the Prime Minister as the Head of Government and of the State Cabinet, which directs the executive branch. 
Legislative power is vested in the State Congress, which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate consists of 18 members and the House of Representatives has 42 members.
Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Imperial Court and lower courts, and sovereignty is vested in the Imperial Throne and their people by the Constitution. Min-Su is considered a semi-constitutional monarchy with a system of imperial and civil law.
 
CONSTITUTION
The Imperial State Constitution of Min-Su was drafted by Sacred Emperor Min-Su Kang on the first hour of the new year of 1330. It was promulgated on 2 January 1330 and coming into effect on 20 January 1330. The constitution succeeded the centuries-old Senchiha State, the Gaoist-inspired legal-system and constitution implemented since 375 BF after the Phoenix Reform of 379 BF.
The 1330 Constitution established clear limits on the power of the executive branch and the Sacred Emperor. It also created an independent judiciary. Civil rights and civil liberties were allowed, though they were freely subject to limitation by law. Free speech, freedom of association and freedom of religion were all limited by laws. The leaders of the government, politicians, and the judges were left with the task of interpreting the laws using the 1330 Constitution to justify imperial sovereignty and democracy. 
 
GOVERNMENT
The 1330 Constitution defines the Sacred Emperor to be "the symbol of the State, religious head, the Guarantor of Independence, and the symbol of the unity of the people". He performs ceremonial, administrative, and political duties. "Political power" is held mainly by the Prime Minister and other elected members of the State Congress. The Imperial Throne is succeeded by a member of the Imperial House as designated by the Imperial Household Law.
The chief of the executive branch, the Prime Minister, is appointed by the Emperor as the chosen representative of His Sacred Majesty to the government. They are a member of the Senate and must be a civilian. The Cabinet members are nominated by the Prime Minister, and are also required to be civilian. With the United Minsunese Alliance (UMA) in power, it has been convention that the President of the party serves as the Prime Minister.
          
                                            Government Seal             Prime Minister's Seal
LEGISLATURE 
The 1330 constitution states that the State Congress, its law-making institution, shall consist of two Houses, namely the Senate and the House of Representatives. The State Congress is the highest organ of state power, and is one the law-making organ of the State. It states that both Houses shall consist of elected members, representative of all the people and that the number of the members of each House shall be fixed by law. Both houses pass legislation in identical form for it to become law. Similarly to other parliamentary systems, most legislation that is considered in the State Congress is proposed by the cabinet. The cabinet then relies on the expertise of the bureaucracy to draft actual bills. 
The Senate has legislative mandate to control the passage of the budget, the ratification of treaties, and the selection of the Prime Minister. Members of the Senate are elected for a six-year term limited to three-terms. Half of the members are elected every three years. They are elected from two senatorial seats allocated to each province as stated in the constitution. 
The lower house, the House of Representatives' duties are to drafts bills and are sent to the Senate. Members of the lower house are elected for three-year terms from the two allocated congressional seats from each county.
        
            
                  
Political parties and Election
Several political parties exist in Min-Su. However, the politics of Min-Su have primarily been dominated by the United Minsunese Alliance (UMA), an imperialist-aligned party since 1330,  with the Social Democratic Party (SODEP) playing an important role as opposition several times. The UMA was the ruling party for decades since 1330, despite the existence of multiple parties. Most of the prime ministers were elected from inner factions of the UMA.
                                  
 
FOREIGN RELATIONS
Min-Su is a member state of the World Assembly. Min-Su attaches great importance to economic, trade, and mutual defense treaties among its neighbors. 
As of November 1421, Min-Su is a signatory of the Multinational Working Group Regarding Passport Security and Travel Document Standards (MWG). The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) has released the four new state passports that follows eMRTD standards. 
   

GOVERNMENT
The Government of the Sacred Empire of Min-Su (Minsunese: ミンスの神聖な帝国の政府) is the imperial state government of Min-Su. It is governed as a unitary state under a parliamentary democratic and a semi-constitutional monarchy where the Sacred Emperor functions head of state and the Noble Prime Minister as the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system. 
The government has three interdependent branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch. The powers of the branches are vested by the Constitution of Min-Su in the following: Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber State Congress of Min-Su—the Noble Senate is the upper chamber and the Noble House of the Representatives is the lower chamber.
Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the Prime Minister. Judicial power is vested in the courts with the Supreme Imperial Court of Min-Su as the highest judicial body.
The Sacred Emperor functions as the head of state, the religious head, and the commander-in-chief of the Imperial Armed Forces. He is the Guarantor of the Independence of the country and of the territorial integrity of the Sacred Empire within its authentic frontiers. He exercises by imperial prerogative, administrative and political powers, devolve to him by the constitution.
 

Seal of the Minsunese Government
 
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The Executive branch of Min-Su is headed by the Noble Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the head of the State Cabinet, and is designated by the Sacred Emperor and the legislative organ, the State Congress. The State Cabinet consists of the Ministers of State and may be appointed or dismissed by the Prime Minister at any time. Explicitly defined to be the source of executive power, it is in practice, however, mainly exercised by the Sacred Emperor and his representative to the government, the Prime Minister. The practice of its powers is responsible to the State Congress, and as a whole, should the State Cabinet lose confidence and support to be in office by the State Congress, the State Congress may dismiss the Cabinet en masse with a motion of no confidence. 
 
HEAD OF STATE
The Sacred Emperor of Min-Su is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Min-Su. Under the Constitution of Min-Su, he is defined as the symbol of the Minsunese state, the unity of the Japanese people, the Guarantor of the Independence of the country and of the territorial integrity of the Sacred Empire within its authentic frontiers and his position is derived from "the will of Gao, his temple, and his people with whom resides sovereign power". Imperial Household Law governs the line of imperial succession. The Supreme Court does not have judicial power over him. He is also the head of the Gaoist religion. In Minsunese, the emperor is called Tennō (天皇), literally "Heavenly sovereign". The Minsunese Gaoist religion holds him to be the direct descendant of the primordial phoenix, Gao. The emperor is also the head of all state Minsunese orders, decorations, medals, and awards. 
The historical origins of the sacred emperors lie in the Pre-Classical period of the 4th century BF with Emperor Min-Su Ren I as its first monarch. Ren IX is the current emperor of Min-Su. He acceded to the Imperial Throne upon the abdication of his father Emperor Di in 1388.
 
 
Imperial Standard of the Sacred Emperor
 
HEAD OF GOVERNMENT
The Noble Prime Minister of Min-Su is designated by the Sacred Emperor and the State Congress and serves a term of four years or less; with no limits imposed on the number of terms the Prime Minister may hold. The Prime Minister heads the State Cabinet and exercises "control and supervision in the emperor's stead" of the executive branch, and is the head of government. The Prime Minister is vested with the power to present bills to the State Congress, to sign laws, to declare a state of emergency, and may also dissolve the State Congress' House of Representatives at will. He or she presides over the State Cabinet and appoints, or dismisses, the other Cabinet ministers.
Both houses of the State Congress and the Sacred Emperor designates the Prime Minister with a ballot cast under the run-off system. Under the Constitution, should both houses not agree on a common candidate, then a joint committee is allowed to be established to agree on the matter; specifically within a period of ten days, exclusive of the period of recess. However, if both houses still do not agree to each other, the decision made by the Sacred Emperor is deemed to be that of State Congress. Upon designation, the Prime Minister is presented with their commission, and then formally appointed to office by the Sacred Emperor.
As a candidate designated by the State Congress and the Sacred Emperor, he or she is required to report to the State Congress and to the imperial throne whenever demanded. The Prime Minister must also be both a civilian and a member of either house of the State Congress.

Seal of the Prime Minister
List of Noble Prime Ministers No. Name Term Began Term Ended Congress Served 1 Kobayashi Makoto 1330 1339 1, 2, 3 2   1340 1343 3, 4 3   1344 1350 4, 5, 6 4   1351 1354 6, 7 5   1355 1358 7, 8 6 Sasaki Tatsuro 1359 1370 8 ,9 ,10, 11 7 Miura Sachiko 1371 1382 11, 12, 13, 14 8 Yamamoto Yoichi 1383 1386 14, 15 9 Watanabe Asuka 1387 1390 15,16 10   1391 1394 16, 17 11   1395 1402 17, 18, 19 12 Ota Tomoya 1403 1411 19, 20, 21 13 Fan Ying 1412 1416 21, 22 14 Harata Hideaki 1417 1420 22, 23 15 Sheng Minori 1421 1424 23, 24  
 
 

DEMOGRAPHICS
Min-Su has a population of 6.6 million, of which 98% million are Minsunese nationals (1420 estimates). A small population of foreign residents makes up the remainder. In 1419, 2/3 of the total Minsunese population lived in cities. The capital city Eriya has a population of 435,483 (1420). It is part of the Greater Eriya Metro (GEM), the biggest metropolitan area in Min-Su with 1.82 million people (1420).
Immigration and birth incentives are becoming prominently solution to provide younger workers to support the nation's future problem of an aging population. On April 1, 1419, Min-Su's revised immigration law was enacted, protecting the rights of foreign workers to help reduce labor shortages in certain sectors.
RELIGION
Min-Su's constitution guarantees full religious freedom. Upper estimates suggest that 89-96 percent of the Minsunese population subscribe to Gaoism as its indigenous religion. The level of participation in religious ceremonies as a cultural tradition remains high, especially during festivals and occasions such as the first shrine visit of the New Year. Ancient Gaoism have also influenced Minsunese beliefs, customs, and legal-system.
Gaoism, is an ancient religion centered on the belief of the primordial phoenix, Gao, the offspring of Duality. Religious texts and dogma states that from Chaos came Singularity, and from Singularity came Duality, and from Duality came Gao, the primordial entity of creation, death, and rebirth. From Gao came the Five Origins and the Myriad Things. Gao appears as a brilliant gold phoenix which in tradition travels around the edge of the universe creating Myriad Things.
Humanity came into existence as a result of Gao using his inherited abilities from Duality to create the Myriad Things. And the Sacred Emperor is by tradition, religious customs and dogma, to be the physical embodiment of Gao's presence. He is the prime origin and humanity's bridge to Gao. Deifying Gao began prior to the founding of the Min-Su Clan.

LANGUAGES
Minsunese writing uses cangi (Ancient Gaoist characters) and two sets of cana (syllabaries based on cursive script and radical of cangi), as well as the Latin alphabet and Arabic numerals. English instruction was made mandatory in Japanese elementary schools in 1401. Cangi developed from ancient Gaoist characters.
EDUCATION
Primary schools, secondary schools and universities were introduced in 1172 as a result of the Bright Minds Revolution. Since the 1330 Fundamental Law of Education or the Universal Education Law, compulsory education in Min-Su comprises elementary and junior high school, which together last for ten years. Almost all children continue their education at a two-year senior high school. The two top-ranking universities in Min-Su are the University of the East (UE) and Eriya State University (ESU). Starting in April 1416, various schools began the academic year with elementary school and junior high school integrated into one ten-year compulsory schooling program; MEXT plans for this approach to be adopted nationwide.
   
HEALTH
Health care is provided by national and local governments. Payment for personal medical services is offered through a universal health insurance system that provides relative equality of access, with fees set by a government committee. People without insurance through employers can participate in a national health insurance program administered by local governments. Since 1350, all elderly persons have been covered by government-sponsored insurance. 

[division maps being reworked]

[language post being reworked, for now see the spreadsheet here.]

Hey'all! I'm back once again. Happy to be back once again and I'm bringing new stuff to post for the rp. 
Hoping for your kind guidance! 

Economy
The Ryxtylopian economy is best described as a developing economy, with a GDP (PPP) of $258,708,019,287, however with a population of over 22 million people, this means the GDP per capita is only $11,411, being the 3rd lowest in Aura after Dilber and Bilyad, despite this the economy is rapidly in development, however it has been anything but stable for the last 5 decades of Ryxtylopian history, with inflation, recessions and Ryxtylopia defaulting on its debt in two separate occations (in 1388 and 1402) being products of a bloated bureocracy, inbalanced spending and corruption.
Ryxtylopia (currently) works under an open economy with limited government intervention, however with some intervention still present in some areas; however this seems to be changing as the economy continues to open up with Ryxtylopia seemingly on the path to laissez faire economics, especially when it comes to encouraging foreign investment, but this has resulted in new cases of corruption, the defunding of several government agencies and the widening of already-existing wealth gaps in the country.
Ryxtylopia uses as its currency the (Ryxtylopian) Ryx, a relativley new currency, which replaced the "Darrón" a currency introduced at the start of the 1300's that suffered massive inflation in the 1380's and then completley lost its value in the early 1400's in one of the worst recessions in the history of Aura and the worst by far in Ryxtylopian history.
The Ryx (RRY) can vary, and isn't the most stable currency, usually fluctuating around 43 Ryxes per $1, currently it sits at:
$1 = 46RRY
 
Unemployement rates in Ryxtylopia are difficult to calculate due to a lot of citizens working in the informal economy, its speculated to sit at around 6.34%, however a lot of jobs in Ryxtylopia still pay poorly compared to jobs in the rest of the world, whilst the government does provide services like universal healthcare and education up to high-school, many areas lack theese services, and even then a lot of the lower income families still spend large ammount of money on essentials (food, water) this translating to there being very little economic mobility between social classes.
When it comes to economic composition, Agriculture remains in Ryxtylopia as a pretty large sector of the economy, at around 8.64%, while Industries sit at 39.87% with manufacturing quickly growing and the mining sector, which used to be Ryxtylopia's largest industrial sector, starting to stagnate. Finally the service sector is estimated to sit at 51% of the economy, this last sector also rapidly growing despite facing arguably more issues than the industrial sector.
When it comes to taxes, Ryxtylopia has graduated taxation, with richer people (on paper) paying a higher % in taxes than poor people, however this system has several exemptions and loopholes. Tax breaks aren't that hard to obtain for a rich person or company, at least with the current administration, especially with the strategy of attracting international investment to the country.
Products sold in Ryxtylopia are subject to a tax called the Impysto Natxinal di Ventas (the National Sales Tax), with the exemption of essential goods (i.e. food, water, some drugs and medicine, etc.) this tax varies depending on the good.
 
Good Category Tax % Water and Food Essentials 0%  
[WIP]

The National Qostaoyaen News & Beyond
Weather | War Updates | Diplomacy | Top News | Politics | Guide | Business | Travel | More
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 
 ………
…
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The Unification of Qostaoyae
How did it happen?
It started when Edward Qoa Zian got elected in 1349 AF and he looked at the Qostaoyan regional map and said, “The divide of The West has lasted too long, I think we should make a peaceful reunification, it is entirely up to you if you want to, if you don’t then that’s fine.” So he went and visited each Western kingdom and discussed about problems in the region and discussed about the treaty, after a few years all of the kingdoms unified with Qostaoyae, and for once Qostaoyae was finally unified . . .
 

A map of The Western Unification of Qostaoyae

HEADLINES/First granddaughter of Santos-Dominius poised to become next President
The granddaughter and only grandchild of Santos-Dominius' incumbent President Paul Goldberg is expected to become the presidential nominee for her grandfather's party. Carnet (pronounced "Car-neigh") Goldberg, at 20 years of age, will become the youngest President in the Federal Republic's history if elected. However, considerable fury has already erupted in the National Senate over this particularly controversial method of selection.
The centre-right Democratic Congress Party(DCB), which President Goldberg leads, had been torn over the matter of choosing a successor. Among the top candidates were Senator Diane Hutchison, the foreign affairs minister, and Vice President Donald Verbloem. Both Hutchison and Verbloem firmly declined requests for comment after news of Carnet's selection broke, but insiders close to the two have reported that they are doubtful of the First Granddaughter's governing and political capabilities. Having grown up in the Fribernese Fortress and afforded every luxury by his grandfather and her personal attendants, Carnet has acquired an unsaid reputation as an elegant, graceful but also distant and collected heiress. Her notorious catchphrase "Don't bore me", as well as her infamous tendency to yawn and fall asleep when during times of boredom, have made her a figure with a colourful reputation among the presidential staff.
Although Hutchison and Verbloem remained muted, opposition politicians have openly criticised President Goldberg's decision to bypass his colleagues and give Carnet the DCB leadership position. Sen. Art Bernstein(CoR-WS), Leader of the Opposition, called the decision "a blatant power grab in full daylight", adding that "the Santo-Dominian people will punish the DCB electorally for this shameless display of nepotism". The centre-left Coalition of Roses(CoR), the main opposition party led by Sen. Bernstein, are expected to mount a fierce challenge against the DCB in the next presidential election and could win with President Goldberg's relative electoral strength now out of the picture. Despite former COR presidential nominee Sen. Jeremy Maxson's decision not to run again, the populist Sen. Bernstein - who was Maxson's running mate last time - is expected to head up the leftist presidential ticket this time, posing an extreme threat to the centre-right's decades-old grip on power.
Even though the DCB and President Goldberg face a ruthless onslaught of criticism from Sen. Bernstein regarding their choice of nominee, some analysts have had a more positive outlook on the matter, commenting that the relatively young Caitlin Goldberg could use her age to pander to the increasingly important 18-24 years old youth demographic, which has historically shunned the DCB and given its votes to the CoR. Santo-Dominian teenagers and university graduates have picked up on Carnet's ascendancy and have made her viral, with many young social media users starting hashtag trends like "#YesWeCarn" or "#CarnetCarn'tRule", a symbol of her divisiveness. The women demographic is also at play, with some female DCB politicians suggesting that Carnet's gender can help revitalise the DCB, which is often mockingly called "the party of old men".
Notably, however, Carnet Goldberg is faring better than her increasingly senile grandfather. Her personal popularity ratings stand at 36%, a fair bit higher than Paul Goldberg's dismal 28%. President Goldberg has suffered from a gradual but steady decline in public approval, with his advanced age cited as a major factor of his unpopularity. Moreover, crises from earlier in his presidency remain ingrained in Santo-Dominians' minds - the flySD scandal, the SDWorks controversy and the Louisann General Strike were all mentioned by poll respondents as major downsides of the lengthly Goldberg presidency. It is unknown if Carnet will be able to rid herself of any association to these unpleasant events once she embarks on the trying campaign trail, or if she will be branded by Sen. Bernstein as yet another dangerous Goldberg.
Anyhow, Carnet Goldberg faces a difficult task. Deeply affected by her grandfather's popularity, the DCB is on its last legs and struggling to regain momentum. The all-important donation stream has slowed due to Paul Goldberg's reduced appearances, and even traditional Goldberg allies like Sen. Hutchison and Vice President Verbloem are unwilling to publicly back or express support for her. Reviving the political fortunes of a centre-right ruling party in an overwhelmingly left-wing welfare state is a tall order, and it remains to be seen if Carnet will be able to overcome all odds and protect the DCB's fragile hold on power.

Hi Guys!! I am from Blue Bubble (We call it Glenpavia!) and my name is Ana. I just want to tell you guys a little bit about my country's history around Independence Day as IDK if anyone else understands it?? IDK if anyone is taught this, but its like really important to me so here we go:

On the 15th August 1091, Glenpavia was finally liberated from Giovannilandian rule. This was done over the previous 3 years after the eastern side of the island revolted and separated from the empire. To understand how this happened, You need to know a little bit of the history of Glenpavia. 
 
At the same time as the height of the Lavandulan’s empire, there was a minor invasion to the south west of the island. These people were travellers by nature, crossing land and ocean to see what is out there. Over the following centuries, the Glendora people who stayed on the island lived and interacted with Lavandulans, becoming a small but growing clan of Glendulans. The clan took land that the empire did not want to the south-west and soon grew into a nation which did not fight with the empire but had friendly relations. The modern day Glenpavia language is a mix of the native language of the clan and of Lavandulan. Following the breakdown of the empire, the people of Glendula divided into the north and the south with a civil war which was still being fought through a Cold War at the time of Giovanniland's conquest. The northern clan allowed conquest quickly in the belief the empire would help the side win, but the south resisted for 4 more years before admitting defeat in 731.
 
During the time in the empire, Glendula culture was suppressed, and many families were forced to take on Giovannese names to protect themselves from prosecution. From 911, those of Glendula heritage began protesting the oppression, and began a movement of expression. Although minor efforts of Empress Teresa I allowed restrictions to easen, the Glendulan people were angry. It was during the rule of her son, Bruto, where the ambition to become one nation became ahead again. Records document a record movement of Glendulans to what is now the nation of Glenpavia during this time, as historical documents show a large underground rebellion network. The Glenpavian Group (AKA the rebelion name of the Glendulans) first rebelled in 1090, but did not succeed. In 1091, the rebellion resurfaced and kept up the revolt until Emperor Pietro I signed over the land of Glenpavia to Tsiory Amin, one of the main leaders of the rebellion and chosen first Mpitarika of Glenpavia.
 
This moment in history is often documented with a lot of celebration, but also terror for those of Giovannese nationality in the new nation. After the declaration of freedom, there was a month of mass movement of those who had been in the region but was not of Glendula heritage, as those who stayed faced discrimination.

Since these turbulent times, the mark of independence has become a majority positive thing for Glenpavia, with communities coming together to mourn the lives lost and celebrate their continued freedom. We have adopted the Glenpavia name to describe our people and our culture as a result of our relations, and we are very passionate about our history.
Independence Day starts 2 days before, with a day of mourning. There is often a minute of silence, and memorials across the nation are decorated. The schools and workplaces are often not in for the day of mourning, and do not go back until the day after Independence Day. Adults have Independence Day as a day of national rest as well. The middle day is the day of change, where we take time to change something in our lives, normally a redecoration of our homes. Some opt for a change of looks, some may go for a change in social life. There are often posts on social media of major changes people may make on this day. 
 
The actual day of Independence is a day of celebration, with major parties in town centres. There is free food, dancing, drinking, and everyone gets dressed up. Towards the nighttime, some places have fireworks too. The Mpitarika has a big speech which everyone watches. This year, Kassakira Petrovikan spoke about the topic of showing off our national pride and culture, and it spoke a lot to me. That’s why I am writing this blog. And totally not because this was also a history assignment. 
 
If you have any questions, I will try and answer them <3 I hope my common is okay!!
 
Posted by Ankizivavy at 00:13 UTC, 28/10/1421

End of democracy in The Theeserrasland
In a recent, shocking development, the now President and leader of The Theeserrasland has passed a controversial act of which removes the Theeserraslandian right to vote for public officials. This has riled up massive protest across the nation as millions wanted to bring back their right to vote.
The leader has came out telling the public that, "I only did it so that the Theeserrasland could prosper for a longer time, too much have we had incompetence voted into our leadership, bringing corruption and creating uselessness in the political landscape. Which is why, the government of the Theeserrasland has decided to pick the most suitable candidates to prosper in our ranks," whether this would make the Theeserrasland into an unstable nation, held up only by corruption and kickbacks or will create a competitive environment, where only the most loyal and competent can hope to serve the nation is unknown.
Weather today!
It has been reported that there would be heavy rain near the coastal regions of The Theeserrasland, floods are to be expected
Sunny weather is to be expected in the South.
Cloudy weather in the Northeast, rain to be expected.
The Theeserrasland economy growing!
With the growing population of The Theeserrasland, the investment of foreign countries, and the government restructuring, The Theeserrasland economy is slowly, but surely, rising. With The Theeserrasland citizens having better wages, more meaningful jobs, and much more, The Theeserrasland as a whole is expected to go into a new golden age for it and it's citizens.

Government
Motto:
"Victoria y Vida, Hanita Querida"
 
Hanita Gracse is a Semi-Presidential Republic. In the year of 1389, the nation had adopted its current constitution, after which the nation had lifted martial law, and continued reconstruction. The president is the head of state, they are elected by the alternative vote, if they win more than 50% of the vote, they serve for a four year term, and two consecutive terms, if they are to be reelected. President Huerta has been serving the nation since 1414. The prime minister, appointed by the president, is the head of government; they have no term limits, but will be accountable to a parliamentary vote of no confidence. Prime Minister Fidel, has been serving since 1416. The government is composed of 3 separate branches that regularly check and balance one another. Members of the executive and parliament are elected by the populace, whilst the judiciary are nominated, or rather appointed. Voting is voluntary, and the eligible voting age starts at the age of 16. 

President Huerta Rodriguez

Prime Minister Fidel Martinez
Executive 
Although the president is head of state, they act as the head executive, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of Hanita Gracse, known as the Revolutionary Armed Guard, make appointments to other civil and military offices, and deliberately make foreign and national policies and security. Some of which would have to be filtered through the prime minister. The prime minister holds regulatory power that coordinates the actions, preventing contradictions from different ministers, and implementing laws set out by the president that were deliberately made from the cabinet of the president, and oversees the daily affairs within the government. Ministers of the cabinet are appointed by the president upon a proposal by the prime minister. The cabinet demonstrates executive unity, as they are entrusted to carry out their mission within their area, including but not limited to political policies by an administration. 
 
Legislation
The legislation of Hanita Gracse is officially called "Parliament". Parliament is a bicameral government organ, made up by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate Chamber, collectively called the United Assembly of Hanita Gracse. Both chambers have their own separate voting systems, more details in elections. They review and pass laws, monitor the government, and assess public policy. Whenever a bill is examined, be it executive or parliament, it must be passed with identical text, once there is an adopted definitive answer, it passes. The deputy chamber has 244 seats portional to the population, whilst the senate has only 20 seats. Aside from the federal assembly, most local legislative branches are unicameral. 
Judicial
The Council of the Federation, is the highest administrative jurisdiction. It advises the preparation of bills, ordinances and decrees, answers legal affairs, conducts studies, and ensures the government's compliance with the law. That law is modeled after civil law. They are also responsible for daily management of the courts of appeals, and administrative tribunals. 
Elections
Every election year, the populace and workers have a day off in the designated day marked for the year's elections. The date has been set October the 2nd, since the adoption of the current constitution. The President of the Federation, is elected with the alternative vote, or as it is sometimes called, ranked choice, to determine the nation's preferences. This system is also applied to several governor, mayoral and sheriff elections. In the case of voting for representatives into the Chamber of Deputies, they are elected through the single transferable vote, Droop quota that favors major parties, whilst most local elections use the Hare system instead because it favors smaller parties within local elections. Senators are elected by local legislators, under an electoral college that will at its best make an accurate representation of the state's local bodies and their population, by a first-past-the-post vote held by the members within the local offices. 
Diplomacy
Hanita Gracsian foreign relations are summed to be characterized with a non-interventionist approach to foreign conflicts without relation to any of Hanita's allies or herself, and instead favors cooperation, settling down for trade agreements and defense pacts. The nation's diplomacy is headed by the Minister of the Diplomatic Corps, Ramon Adalberto Villa. The minister is to be well advised by both parliament and the president at their respected requests on any case of foreign affairs. The Diplomatic Corps, despite its name, does not under any circumstances control a portion of the military, rather there are individual voluntary officers that accompany the agents in such difficult situations, acting out as guards, under any and every situation. These officers as well don't dress in the default, ceremonial dress or working and combat, military uniforms, rather they go with the usual business attire that the diplomatic agents wear. As a small nation, it'll ally itself with any foreign major power with a strong cooperative government that'll guarantee the nation's demands, to which leads up to some critics asking of the nation's goals with said foriegn power, most famous of which comes from the Conservatives, that had suspicion within the neighborhood and abroad. When dealing with Hanita diplomats, the nation would grant foreign aid to its non-military and military allies, some equipment, and even some workers.
 

Economy:
Tupmonias runs through an agrarian economy, which means it’s rural rather than urban-based. It is centered upon the production, consumption, trade, and sale of agricultural commodities, including plants and livestock. 
 
$1= ₺0.91 (Tup)
GDP (PPP): $216,782,394,502
GDP Per Capita: $33,841
Biggest Industries: wheat, livestock, coal

Demographics:
Population: 6,405,910
Density (sq mi): 134.0
 
Ethnic Groups:
95.7% Tupmonian- 6,130,456
2.3% Golban- 147,336
1.4% Andolian Immigrants- 89, 683
0.6% Other- 38,435
 
Religion: 
Jonism: 79.4% (5,086,293)
Atheism: 17.5% (1,121,034)
Golism: 2.1% (134,524)
Other: 1.0% (64,059)
 
City Population: 
Magnolia- 1,302,572
Fennview- 942,307
Warrington- 669,285
Joland- 417,872
Greenworth- 324,162
Viggo- 100,643

Geography:
Tupmonia is located in northern Andolia. The kingdom borders Fhaengshia to the northeast, Greenman Occupied Territory to its west, and Nagaraningrad to its southeast. The land directly south and north of Tupmonia remains unclaimed. Tupmonia total area is 123,815 km2, and it’s located between latitudes 22° and 30° South, and longitudes 0° and 8° West. Tupmonia uses the International Atomic Time (IAT+0) as the national time zone.
 
Tupmonias topography mostly consists of rich grasslands, shrublands, and some rivers. Most notably the Laronan Plains, the Golban Forest, the Tupan Hills, and the Hammel Rivers.
    
(A small portion of the Laronan Plains)                        
 
Tupmonia has a tropical and subtropical climate except for a drier area in the west. The north and west have an average temperature of 87°F (30°C) during the day and a cooler 76°F (24°C) at night. The north and west also have low humidity, making the air much drier. In the south and east, the weather is slightly cooler but much more humid. During the day the temperature averages 79°F (26°C), whereas at night the temperature averages 71°F (21°C).
 
Some of Tupmonia’s wildlife includes bison, elk, coyotes, hawks, and hundreds of other species of animals and plants.

   (The Alaunt: Tupmonias National Animal)